Virtual machines (VMs) are powerful tools that allow you to run multiple operating systems on a single computer without affecting your primary setup.
Whether you’re a developer testing software, an IT enthusiast experimenting with new systems, or someone looking to run legacy applications, creating a virtual machine in Windows 10 is easier than ever.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through setting up a VM using built-in tools and third-party software optimized for beginners and professionals.
Windows 10 continues to support virtualization through Hyper-V and other platforms, making it a robust choice for VM creation. Let’s dive into the process with clear, actionable steps.
Prerequisites for Creating a Virtual Machine in Windows 10
Before you start, ensure your system meets these requirements:
- Windows 10 Edition: Hyper-V is available on Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, or Education editions. If you’re using Windows 10 Home, you’ll need third-party software like VirtualBox or VMware.
- Hardware: A 64-bit processor with virtualization support (Intel VT-x or AMD-V) and at least 4GB of RAM (8GB or more recommended).
- Disk Space: At least 20GB free for the VM and the guest OS.
- OS Installation Media: An ISO file or installation disc for the guest OS (e.g., Ubuntu, Windows 11, etc.).
Use tools like CPU-Z or access your BIOS/UEFI settings to check if your CPU supports virtualization.
Option 1: Using Hyper-V (Built-in Windows 10 Tool)
Hyper-V is Microsoft’s native virtualization platform, perfect for users on compatible Windows 10 editions. Here’s how to set it up:
Step 1: Enable Hyper-V
- Press Windows + S, type “Turn Windows features on or off”, and hit Enter.
- Scroll down and check Hyper-V (including Hyper-V Platform and Hyper-V Hypervisor).
- Click OK and restart your computer when prompted.
Step 2: Open Hyper-V Manager
- Search for “Hyper-V Manager” in the Start menu and launch it.
- In the left pane, select your computer’s name.
Step 3: Create a New Virtual Machine
- Click Action > New > Virtual Machine.
- The New Virtual Machine Wizard opens. Click Next.
- Name Your VM: Enter a descriptive name (e.g., “Ubuntu Test VM”).
- Specify Generation: Choose Generation 1 for older OSes or Generation 2 for modern systems with UEFI support.
- Assign Memory: Allocate RAM (e.g., 2048 MB for lightweight OSes; more for heavier ones).
- Configure Networking: Select Default Switch for internet access.
- Create a Virtual Hard Disk: Set a size (e.g., 20GB) and location.
- Install an OS: Choose Install an operating system from a bootable CD/DVD-ROM and select your ISO file.
- Click Finish.
Step 4: Start and Configure the VM
- In Hyper-V Manager, right-click your new VM and select Start.
- Click Connect to open the VM window.
- Follow the guest OS installation prompts (e.g., for Ubuntu, select your language and install).
Option 2: Using Oracle VirtualBox (Free and Cross-Edition)
If you’re on Windows 10 Home or prefer a user-friendly alternative, Oracle VirtualBox is an excellent choice. Here’s how to use it:
Step 1: Install VirtualBox
- Download the latest VirtualBox installer from the official site.
- Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions.
- Optionally, install the Extension Pack for USB and encryption support.
Step 2: Set Up a New VM
- Open VirtualBox and click New.
- Name and OS: Enter a name and select the guest OS type (e.g., Linux > Ubuntu).
- Memory Size: Allocate RAM (e.g., 2GB minimum).
- Hard Disk: Choose Create a virtual hard disk now > VDI > Dynamically allocated. Set a size (e.g., 25GB).
- Click Create.
Step 3: Configure the VM
- Select your VM and click Settings.
- Under Storage, click the empty disk icon, then the disk button, and choose your ISO file.
- In Network, ensure Enable Network Adapter is checked and set to NAT.
- Click OK.
Step 4: Launch the VM
- Select your VM and click Start.
- The guest OS installation begins—follow its setup wizard.
Option 3: Using VMware Workstation Player (Free for Non-Commercial Use)
VMware Workstation Player is another reliable option. Here’s a quick setup guide:
Step 1: Install VMware Workstation Player
- Download the free version from VMware’s site.
- Install it by following the prompts.
Step 2: Create a VM
- Open VMware Player and click Create a New Virtual Machine.
- Select Installer disc image file (ISO) and browse to your ISO.
- Assign a name, disk size (e.g., 20GB), and RAM (e.g., 2GB).
- Click Finish.
Step 3: Run the VM
- Select your VM and click Play virtual machine.
- Complete the guest OS installation.
Tips for Optimizing Your Virtual Machine
- Enable Virtualization in BIOS: If your VM runs slowly, ensure VT-x/AMD-V is enabled in your BIOS.
- Adjust Resources: Allocate more CPU cores or RAM in the VM settings if performance lags.
- Snapshots: Use Hyper-V checkpoints or VirtualBox snapshots to save VM states.
- Guest Additions: Install VirtualBox Guest Additions or VMware Tools for better screen resolution and clipboard sharing.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
- Hyper-V Not Available: Upgrade to Windows 10 Pro or use VirtualBox.
- VM Won’t Boot: Verify the integrity of the ISO file using a tool like Rufus.
- Slow Performance: Increase RAM/CPU allocation or disable background apps on the host.
Why Use a Virtual Machine in 2025?
With cloud computing rising, VMs remain relevant for local testing, privacy, and running incompatible software. For instance, you can test the latest Windows 11 updates or explore Linux distributions like Ubuntu 24.04 LTS without risking your central system.
Conclusion
Creating a virtual machine in Windows 10 is straightforward, whether you use Hyper-V, VirtualBox, or VMware. Each method offers unique advantages, from Hyper-V’s seamless integration to VirtualBox’s flexibility.
By following this guide, you can set up a VM tailored to your needs for development, experimentation, or learning.
Ready to get started? Pick your tool, grab an ISO, and unlock the power of virtualization today! Explore resources like Microsoft’s Hyper-V documentation or VirtualBox’s user manual for more advanced setups. Happy virtualizing!
